TY - JOUR
T1 - Landmark and outline-based geometric morphometrics analysis of three Stomoxys flies (Diptera: Muscidae)
AU - Changbunjong, Tanasak
AU - Sumruayphol, Suchada
AU - Weluwanarak, Thekhawet
AU - Ruangsittichai, Jiraporn
AU - Dujardin, Jean Pierre
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre CAS.
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - Adult flies of the genus Stomoxys Geoffroy, 1762 (Diptera: Muscidae), especially S. pullus Austen, 1909, S. uruma Shinonaga et Kano, 1966 and S. indicus Picard, 1908, are morphologically similar and sometimes difficult to distinguish when using external morphological characteristics. These species may act as vectors and/or potential vectors of many pathogens (virus, bacteria and protozoa). Their correct identification is important to target the vectors involved in the transmission of the pathogens and also helps in the fly control program.The aim of the present study was to distinguish three species which are difficult to separate using traditional diagnostic characters for species of Stomoxys such as colour patterns and body proportions. Modern morphometrics, both landmark and outline-based, was used to access wing geometry of S. pullus, S. uruma and S. indicus. A total of 198 and 190 wing pictures were analysed for landmark- and outline-based approaches, respectively. Wing shape was able to separate species and sexes of the three Stomoxys flies with highly significant difference of Mahalanobis distances. The cross-validated classification scores ranged from 76% to 100% for landmark and 77% to 96% for outline-based morphometrics. The geometry of wing features appears to be a very useful, low-cost tool to distinguish among the vectors S. pullus, S. uruma and S. indicus.
AB - Adult flies of the genus Stomoxys Geoffroy, 1762 (Diptera: Muscidae), especially S. pullus Austen, 1909, S. uruma Shinonaga et Kano, 1966 and S. indicus Picard, 1908, are morphologically similar and sometimes difficult to distinguish when using external morphological characteristics. These species may act as vectors and/or potential vectors of many pathogens (virus, bacteria and protozoa). Their correct identification is important to target the vectors involved in the transmission of the pathogens and also helps in the fly control program.The aim of the present study was to distinguish three species which are difficult to separate using traditional diagnostic characters for species of Stomoxys such as colour patterns and body proportions. Modern morphometrics, both landmark and outline-based, was used to access wing geometry of S. pullus, S. uruma and S. indicus. A total of 198 and 190 wing pictures were analysed for landmark- and outline-based approaches, respectively. Wing shape was able to separate species and sexes of the three Stomoxys flies with highly significant difference of Mahalanobis distances. The cross-validated classification scores ranged from 76% to 100% for landmark and 77% to 96% for outline-based morphometrics. The geometry of wing features appears to be a very useful, low-cost tool to distinguish among the vectors S. pullus, S. uruma and S. indicus.
KW - Landmarks
KW - Muscidae
KW - Outlines
KW - Stomoxys indicus
KW - Stomoxys pullus
KW - Stomoxys uruma
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85017809148&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.14411/fp.2016.037
DO - 10.14411/fp.2016.037
M3 - Article
C2 - 27827335
AN - SCOPUS:85017809148
SN - 0015-5683
VL - 63
JO - Folia Parasitologica
JF - Folia Parasitologica
M1 - 037
ER -